Grinding machine



'5 Sheejs-Sheet l IN V EN TOR.

ATTORNEY.

E. c. OLIVER GRINDING MACHINE Filed Feb. 15, 1934 Edd 6'. 0/0 62.

Sept. 22, 1936.

Sep t. 22 1936. gR 2,055,361

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Feb. 15, 1934 Y S Sheets-Sheet 2 v INVENTOR. EddC. Old e2".

ATTORNEY.

p 22, 1936- E. C..OL|VER 2,055,361

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Feb. 15, 1934 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. 44 a.010 6).

A TTORNE Y.

se 22, 1936. EQ c. OLIVER GRINDING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb.15, 1934 INVENTOR.

Edd C Ola 62" M Z A'KQ ATTORNEY.

Sept. 22, 1936. c, QLWER 2,055,361

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Feb. 15, 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 I N l 'ENTOR. Eddc: 01m? in I ATTORNEY.

Patented Sept. 22, 1936.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GRINDING MACHINE Edd 0. Oliver, Adrian,Mich. Application February 15, 1934, Serial No. 711,295

16 Claims.

This invention relates to grinding machines, and the object of theinvention is to provide a grinding machine arranged for grindinghorizontal and angular or formed faces and provided with alongitudinally movable ram on which the grinding head is carried.

Another object of the invention is to provide a grinding machine inwhich the movement of the ram is in accordance with a shaped orhorizontal cam member which accurately controls the movement andposition of the grinding wheel.

A further object of the invention is to provide a grinding machine inwhich the grinding wheel is dressed accurately after each grindingoperation so that the surface form of the article being ground will beaccurately maintained.

A further object of the invention is to provide a grinding machinehaving a longitudinally movable ram mounted in a pivoted head, themovement of the head on its pivot being controlled by cam membersbetween the ram and the machine base.

Another object of the invention is to provide a grinding machine inwhich the work may be adjusted in position and in which the grindingwheel may be moved in accordance with the cam to accurately grind thesurfaces of the work.

A further object of the invention is to provide a grinding machine inwhich the movement of the ram and grinding wheel is controlledinaccordance with a. predetermined pattern which accurately controls themovement of the grinding wheel over the dressing tool and work beingground.

These objects and the several novel features of pivoted head taken online 3--3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the grinding machine.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the drive for the grinding machine.

Fig. 6 is an elevation thereof.

Fig. '7 is a section taken on line |'l of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a section through an alternative form of pivoted head and ramequipped with a disc type grinding wheel.

Fig. 9-is a plan viewof the automatic feed for the grinding wheel shownin Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged view showing the grinding wheel grinding'anangular surface.

Fig. 11 is a similar view showing the grinding wheel in position tochange the angle of grinding. 5

Fig. 12 is a similar view showing the grinding wheel grinding at anotherangle.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged section taken on line l3.l3 of Fig. 2.

The machine comprises a base I, as shown in 10 Figs. 1 and 2, on whichan electric motor 2 is mounted, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. This electricmotor is connected to drive the shaft 3, shown in Fig. 5. Mounted on theshaft 3 is a worm 4 meshing with a worm gear 5 on the shaft 6. 15 Alsosecured to the shaft 6 is a gear I which meshes with a larger gear 8.This gear 8 is shown more particularly in Fig. 7 and is provided with ahub portion 9 which is rotatably mounted on the A hub portion ID of amember II. This member ll is secured to the main drive shaft l2 by keysl3 and a pin M, as shown in Fig. 7. The gear 8 is provided with a recessI5, as shown in Fig. 7 and the member II is provided with a springpressed pin I6 arranged to engage in the recess l5 when released. Thispin I6 is normally held out of engagement with the recess l5 by means ofa wedge block I! shown in Figs. 5, 6 and '7, which engages in a notchprovided in the pin. The member H is provided with an annular groove l8which is coextensive with the notch in the pin l6 when the pin is in theposition shown in Fig. '7. This wedge blockll is secured to an arm [9which is mounted on a pivot shaft 20, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, and anarm 2| is also secured to the shaft 5 20 and engages a cam 22 which issecured to the shaft 23. This shaft 23 extends through the end of themachine base and is provided with an arm 24 which may be moved to thestop or start positions shown on the base in Fig. 2. 40

When the electric motor is started, the shaft 3 and worm 4 are driven todrive the worm gear 5, and gear 1 which drives the gear 8. With theparts in the position shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the gear 8 will rotate onthe hub ID of the member l l and the machine will not be driven. Byturning the lever 24 to the start position shown in Fig. 2, the end ofthe cam 22 depresses the arm 2| and raises the arm [9 against thetension of the spring 25 thus raising the wedge block I1 p keys I3, theshaft I2 is then rotated which, as shown in Fig. 1, drives the gears 26and 21. The wedge block I! is wedge shaped in plan view, as will beunderstood from Fig. 5. To stop the machine, the arm 24, shown in Fig.2, may be ,moved to the stop position thus turning the cam 22 to theposition shown in full lines in Fig. 6 and this movement allows the armI9 to move downwardly by the tension of the spring 25 thus moving thebottom of the wedge block into the groove I8 in the member II. As themember II is rotating, it will bring the pin I6 into engagement with thenarrow end of the wedge block I1 and the angular face of the wedge blockengaging in the notch of the pin I6 will withdraw the pin from therecess I5 allowing the member I I to stop and the gear 8 to continuerotating in the idling position.

The gear 21, shown in Fig. 1 through a universal joint, drives the shaft28 which is keyed within a tubular shaft 29 so that the tubular shaftmay move up or down on the shaft 28 without disengaging the keys fromthe key-way. The tubular shaft 29 through another universal joint drivesthe shaft 38 which is provided with an eccentric plate 3I at its upperend having an eccentric pin 32. This pin engages in a bushing providedin a bracket 33 which is secured to the ram 34. The ram 34 issubstantially square or rectangular in cross-section, as shown in Fig. 3and is slidably supported in bushings provided therefor in a pivotedhead 35. This head 35 is pivotally supported at 36 on a member 31 andthis member 31 may be adjusted longitudinally by means of the screw I8.The ram is provided with an electric motor I1 mounted on one end thereofand a grinding head 38 is mounted on the opposite end of the ram. Thisgrinding head 38 is provided with a rotatable shaft 39 and the grindingwheel 40 is secured to the lower end of the shaft. The upper end of theshaft 39 is equipped with a pulley 4i and the motor is equipped with apulley 42 while a belt 43 extends between the pulleys. This belt 43 isprovided with a belt tightener 44 to take up the slack in the belt. Thegrinding head 38 is adjustable vertically by means of a crank operatedscrew 45 and the head may be adjusted in angular position by turning thecircular plate 46 and securing it in position by the screws 41 shown inFig. 2. The motor 17, shown in Fig. 1, may be also adjusted in a likemanner.

Secured to the ram 34 is a contact member 48 which rides in contact witha cam member 49 which is shaped to control the longitudinal movement ofthe ram. As the head 35 is mounted on the pivot 36. the only othercontact with the base is between the contact member 48 and the cammember 49 so that with a horizontal faced cam member 49 a horizontalmovement of the ram is produced. However, this cam member 49 may beprovided with a formed face so that the member 48 may move in accordancewith a predetermined pattern by replacing the cam member 49 with ashaped cam member. In the form of the device shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4,the machine is set up for horizontal operation and a dressing diamond 50is supported in an arm 5| which is attached to the member 31 and istherefore stationary in relation to the member 31. Bellows 52 and 53 areprovided at opposite ends of the head 35 and are attached to the movableram to keep dust and dirt out of the ram bushings.

This machine may be utilized for grinding different faces and toillustrate one use, I have shown a cutter 54 mounted on the upper end ofa spindle 55 and having horizontal faces 56 to be ground. The spindlehousing 51 is secured to a horizontally adjustable plate 58 which isadjustable in the ways 59, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and the guides 59form part of a plate 60 which is adjustable in the arcuate guides 6Ishown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4. The supporting plate 62 for this portion ofthe machine is adjustable longitudinally of a guide 63 and the guidemember 63 is supported on a cylinder 64 which may be adjusted verticallyby means of the screw 65 and the handwheel 66.

This construction is shown more particularly in Fig. 13 in whch theshaft 65 is secured to the guide member 63 by a pin I08. The cylinder 64is guided in the member I09 by a key H6. A nut II I is threaded onto theshaft 65 and is provided with a bevel gear face H2 at the lower end andthis meshes with the bevel gear H3 on the shaft of the hand wheel 66 asshown in Fig.

2. A collar H5 is threaded onto the upper end of the nut I II and isheld in place by a set screw as shown in Fig. 13. This collar II5 rideson a thrust bearing H6 so that the nut III is rotatable within thethrust bearing. By this arrangement the hand wheel 66 will turn the gearII3 to rotate the gear H2 and nut III to raise or lower the shaft 65 andthus raise or lower the cylinder 64 to raise or lower the cutting tool54 mounted thereabove in relation to the plane of the dressing tool 58.This provides a means for feeding the cutting tool toward the grindingwheel.

As shown more particularly in Figs. 2 and 4, a bracket 61 is secured tothe plate 68 and a pivoted arm 68 is pivoted at 69 on this bracket whilea coiled spring 16 is provided for urging the arm 68 to the positionshown. This arm 68 is provided with a notch in the end, as shown in Fig.4, engaging against one of the cutter blades but lying slightly beneaththe surface to be ground. The rotation of the grinding wheel 48 in Fig.4 is in a clockwise direction so that as this grinding wheel is movedover the cutter blade II the blade is held in engagement in the notch inthe end of the arm 68.

The operation of the device will be understood more easily from Fig. 1.In this position the ram is ready to move toward the left of Fig. 1 overthe horizontal face of the cutter blade 1|. As the ram is moved to theleft of Fig. 1, the edge of the cutting wheel 46 moves horizontally overthe dressing diamond 56. The movement of the grinding wheel to the leftis controlled by the contact member 48 riding on the cam 49 and as thiscam has a horizontal contact surface the movement of the edge of thegrinding wheel will be horizontal as it moves over the blade of thecutter. The machine is so designed that the ram "makes about fifteenstrokes per minute and upon each stroke the grinding wheel moves overthe face of the cutter blade and then back over the dressing diamond sothat the face of the grinding wheel is dressed upon each stroke of theram and between the grinding operations on the cutter.

The grinding wheel may be fed downwardly by the manually operated screw45 but the point of the dressing diamond will dress the grinding wheelat all times to the horizontal plane of the diamond point. By thisarrangement it is only necessary to set the cutter so that thehorizontal faces of the cutting blades are in this plane or slightlyabove depending on the metal to be removed and the clearances to beallowed and the device will then accurately grind the cutter blades.

Referring to Fig. 4, it must be noted that after the cutter blade II hasbeen ground the cutter may be grasped in the hand and manually indexedby clockwise rotation to bring the cutter blade 12 into the notch in theend of the arm 68. In this clockwise movement of the cutter, the blade12 will turn the end of the arm 68 outwardly in the pivot 69 against thetension of the spring 18 until the blade I2 snaps into the notch in theend of the arm 68, at which time, the cutter blade I! is ready to beground. By means of the guides 58 and 59 and 68 and 6|, the cutter maybe adjusted in position to grind angular faces by bringing the angularfaces of the cutter blades to the horizontal plane of the point of thedressing diamond and by adjusting the head 38 and motor 81 about theaxis of the ram 34, other angles may be ground.

A slightly different embodiment of the same invention is shown in Fig. 8in which a disc type grinding wheel is utilized rotating on a horizontalaxis. In this form of the device, the ram is driven in the same manneras shown in Fig. l and with practically the same parts but the motor TIis mounted to drive a spindle 19 through two universal joints 88 and BIand a drive shaft 82. In this instance, the drive shaft extends throughthe center of the ram and the spindle I9 is provided with a disc typegrinding wheel 83 mounted on the end thereof within a housing part 84.In this I form of the device, the diamond 85 is-stationarily mounted asbefore and the wheel is adjustable vertically by rotation of the screwshaft 88. The particular arrangement of parts shown in Fig. 8 is set upto grind angular cutter faces in which the angles are determined bymeans of a cam 81 on which the contact point 48 rides. With the contactmember 48 in the position shown in Fig. 8, the ram is ready for movementto the left of said figure. As the ram moves to the left, the contactmember 48 rides up the inclined face 88 of the cam 81 which moves theram upwardly on a similar slope which movement is allowed by the pivot36 of the'head 35. The cam 81 is so designed that as the grinding wheel83 moves over the diamond 85 the contact member 48 is riding on thesloping face 88 and the point of the contact member reaches the highpoint of'this portion of the cam at the time the center of the grindingwheel 83 is directly over the point of the diamond 85. From thisposition the contact member 48 rides down the sloping face 89 of the camuntil the grinding wheel moves off from the diamond as the member 48approaches the low point of the face 89. At this time the contact member48 begins to move up the face 98 of the cam, as will be understood moreparticularly from Fig. 10.

During the upward movement of the grinding wheel, it grinds the face 9|of the cutter and it will be noted that the cutter contact is with oneside of the grinding wheel. -As the contact member 48 reaches the upperend of the sloping face 98 of the cam, as shown in Fig. 11, the grindingwheel is at the upper end of the face 9| of the cutter and in Fig. 11both the contact member 48 and grinding wheel 83 are ready for asubsequent downward sloping movement and the grinding contact is betweenthe center of the grinding wheel and the cutter blade. This subsequentdownward movement is shown more particularly in Fig. 12 in which thecontact member 48 in riding down the sloping face 92 of the cam whilethe grinding wheel 83 is grinding the sloping face 93 of the cutter. Inthis connection it will be noted that the contact between the grindingwheel 88 and the ground face 93, shown in Fig. 12, is at the oppositeside of the grinding wheel from the contact in Fig. 10. Upon reversemovement, all of the reverse grinding positions are assumed by thegrinding wheel and as the grinding wheel is moved back over the dressingdiamond on the reverse movement of the ram, the edge of the grindingwheel is again dressed. As the grinding wheel moves back to dressingposition, it may be turned down by means of the crank 94, shown in Fig.8. or automatic means may be provided to feed the grinding wheeldownwardly in order to take care of wear.

' For automatic feeding, the upper portion 96 of the screw shaft 86 maybe clamped and held from rotation by means of a screw or bolt 96 whichmay be tightened to grip the shaft portion 95. A nut 91 is provided onthe screw shaft 86 and this nut at the lower edge is provided with aworm gear portion 98 which meshes with a worm 99 shown in Fig. 9. Thisworm 99 is secured to a shaft I88 which is rotatably mounted in abracket I8I and a ratchet I82 is secured to the opposite end of thisshaft, as shown in Fig. 9. A bracket I83, shown in Figs. 8 and 9, issecured to the head 35 on the machine and a pawl I84 is pivotallymounted in this bracket. An adjusting screw I85 is threaded into aportion of the bracket I83 and engages against the depending end I86 ofthe pawl. In the movement of the ram to the left of Fig. 8 the ratchetI82 is moved away from the pawl and upon return movement of the ram theratchet is moved into engagement with the end of the pawl so that thepawl will index the ratchet one or more teeth as desired. The adjustingscrew I85 may be adjusted to allow the ratchet to engage any desirednumber of teeth and advance the ratchet that number of teeth. Byadjusting the screw I85 away from the lower end I86 of the pawl, thepawl may be utilized to advance the ratchet a greater number of teethand by turning the screw I 85 into engagement with the end I86 of thepawl, the upper end of the pawl may be raised to cause the pawl toengage a fewer number of teeth.

By this pawl and ratchet arrangement, upon each'movement of the ram theshaft I88 will be turned to a slight extent and by means of the worm 98,will turn the nut 91 to a small extent on the screw shaft 86 togradually advance the grinding wheel 83 downwardly. By means of thescrew I85, the wear of the grinding wheel may be compensated forso thatthe grinding wheel will be properly dressed at all times. The cam 87provides a predetermined pattern for controlling movement of thegrinding wheel and this cam may be adjusted in position by raising orlowering one end by means of the adjusting screw I81.

From the foregoing description it becomes evidesire to secure by LettersPatent of the United States is- I 1. In a grinding machine, a base, acam member stationarily mounted on the base and having a horizontalface, a head pivotally mounted on the base, a ram slidablelongitudinally in the head, acontact member carried by the ram andriding on the horizontal face of the cam, the contact member forming asupport for the head at a distance from its pivot, means forreciprocating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, means fordriving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarily mounted on thebase, the member to be ground being mounted on the base, the member tobe ground and the grinding wheel each being independently adjustabletoward or from the fixeddressing tool point, the arrangement being suchthat during reciprocation of the ram the grinding wheel is moved overthe surface to be ground and over the dressing tool and automaticallyoperated means for feeding the grinding wheel toward the dressing tool.2; In a grinding machine, a base, a cam member stationarily mounted inthe base and having a horizontal face, a head pivotally mounted on thebase, a ram slidable longitudinally in the head, a contact membercarried by the ram and riding on the horizontal face of the cam, thecontact member forming a support for the head at a distance from itspivot, means'for reciprocating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by theram, means for driving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarllymounted on the base, the member to be ground being mounted on the base,the member to be ground and the grinding wheel each being independentlyadjustable toward or from the fixed dressing tool point, the arrangementbeing such that during reciprocation of the ram the grinding wheel ismoved over the surface to be ground and over the dressing tool.

3. In a grinding machine, a'base, the member having faces to be groundbeing'mounted on the base, a cam member shaped to correspond to thefaces to be ground and mounted on the base, a head pivotally mounted onthe base, a ram slid able longitudinally in the head, a contact membercarried by the ram and riding in engagement with the cam member on thebase and forming a support for the head at a distance from its pivot,'means for reciprocating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by the ram,means for driving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarilymounted on the base, the arrangement being such that the grinding wheelis moved through a predetermined contour in accordance with the shape ofthe cam across the dressing tool and faces to be ground upon eachlongitudinal movement of the ram and manually adjustable means forautomatically feeding the grinding wheel toward the dressing tool.

4. In a grinding machine, a base, the member having faces to be groundbeing mounted on the base, a head pivotally mounted on the base, a ramslidable longitudinally in the head, a contact member carried by theram, a cam member on which the contact member is adapted to ride, thecam member being shaped to produce a predetermined movement of thegrinding wheel upon each longitudinal movement of the ram, means forreciprocating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, means fordriving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarily mounted on thebase, the arrangement being suchthat the grinding wheel is moved acrossthe dressing tool and faces to be ground in accordance with the ried bythe ram and riding in engagement with the cam member on the baseandforming a support for the head at a distance from its pivot, meansfor reciprocating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, meansfor driving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarily mounted onthe base, the grinding wheel being moved over the dressing tool uponeach complete reciprocation of the ram and means operated byreciprocation of the ram for feeding the grinding wheel toward thedressing tool.

6. In a grinding machine, a base, a cam member stationarily mounted onthe base, a head pivotally mounted on the base, a ram slidable lonotallymounted on the base, a ram slidable longitudinally in the head, acontact member carried by the ram, a cam member mounted on the base, thecontact member riding in contact with the face of the cam member and thecam member forming a support for the pivoted head, a grinding wheelcarried by the ram member, a dressing tool fixedly mounted on the baseand the grinding wheel being moved across the dressing tool upon eachlongitudinal movement of the ram.

8. In a grinding machine, a base, a cam member stationarily mounted onthe base, a head pivotally mounted on the base, a ram movablelongitudinally in the head, a contact member carried by the ram andriding in engagement with the cam member on the base and forming asupport for the head at a distance from its pivot;

a grinding wheel carried by the ram, means for driving the grindingwheel, means for'reciprocating the ram and means for dressing thegrinding wheel upon each reciprocation of the ram.

9. In a grinding machine, a base, a cam member stationarily mounted onthe base, a head pivotally mounted on the base, a ram slidablelongitudinally in the head, a contact member carried by the ram andriding in engagement with the cam member on the base, a grinding wheelcarried by the ram, means for driving the grinding wheel and means fordressing the grinding wheel upon each longitudinal movement of the ram.

10. In a grinding machine, a base having a head, a ram reciprocablysupported thereon, a dressing tool mounted in fixed position on thebase, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, said ram in its reciprocationmoving the wheel across the work and across the dressing tool when outof engagement with the work, and means for varying the path of thegrinding wheel to form the surface being ground to correspond to apredetermined pattern and to vary the position of the grinding wheel asit passes the dressing tion on the base, a grinding wheel carried by thetermined contour during each longitudinal movement thereof.

13. In a grinding machine, a base having a head, a longitudinallymovable ram mounted in the head, the member to be ground being mountedon the base, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, a dressing tool forthe grinding wheel and means for moving the grinding wheel over thedressing tool and member to be ground in accordance with a predeterminedpattern upon each longitudinal movement of the ram.

14. In a grinding machine, a base, a cam member stationarily mounted onthe'base and having a horizontal face, a headpivotally mounted on thebase, a ram slidable longitudinally in the head, a contact membercarried by the ram and riding on the horizontal face of the cam, thecontact member forming a support for the head at a distance from itspivot, means for reciprocating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by theram, means for driving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarilymounted on the base,

.the member to be ground being mounted on the base, the surface to beground and the point of the dressing tool being positioned in the sameplane, the arrangement being such that during reciprocation of the ramthe grinding wheel is moved over the surface to be ground and over thedressing tool, automatically operated means for feeding the grindingwheel toward the plane of the dressing tool, and means for feeding themember to be ground toward the plane of the dressing tool.

15. In a grinding machine, a base, a cam member stationarily mounted inthe base and having 7 a horizontal face, a head pivotally mounted on thebase, a ram slidable longitudinally in the head, acontact member carriedby the ram and riding on the horizontal face of the cam, the contactmember forming a support for the head at a distance from its pivot,means for reciproeating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by the ram,means for driving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarilymounted on the base, the member to be ground being mounted on the base,means for adjusting the member to be ground vertically, the surface tobe ground and the point of the dressing tool being positioned in thesame plane, the arrangement being such that during reciprocation of theram the grinding wheel is moved over the surface to be ground and overthe dressing tool.

16. In agrinding machine, a base, the member having faces to be groundbeing mounted on the, base, a head pivota lly mounted on the base, a ramslidable longitudinally in thehead, a contact member carried by the ram,a cam member on which the contact member is adapted to ride,

the cam member being shaped to produce a predetermined movement of thegrinding wheel upon each longitudinal movement of the ram, means forreciprocating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, means fordriving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarily mounted on thebase, the arrangement being such that the grinding wheel is moved acrossthe dressing tool and faces to be ground in accordance with the shape ofthe cam upon each longitudinal movement of the ram, means for feedingthe grinding wheel toward the dressing tool, and means for feeding themember to be ground toward the dressing tool.

EDD C. OLIVER.

